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Solid-state healing of resins and composites
Solid-state healing in thermosetting resins, such as epoxies using single and multiphase systems, is described. The first involves dissolution of a linear polymer of similar solubility parameter into the cross-linked matrix bound together in the glassy state by hydrogen bonding. Thermal activation causes this bonding to dissociate, imparting mobility to the linear chains, which diffuse through the free volume in the network and across a microcrack to effect healing. The multiphase approach uses an incompatible thermoplastic in a polymer network. Healing derives from surface-initiated condensation reactions at the solid interface between carboxylic acid groups in the thermoplastic and hydroxyl groups from the epoxy network producing bubbles that become embedded in the thermoplastic. During thermal activation the thermoplastic of low softening temperature is pushed into microcracks by expansion of the bubbles to produce healing. The chapter also demonstrates how healing can be introduced into thermosetting resins and their fiber composites without the need for compartmentalized monomers and catalysts and/or curing agents or a change from traditional fabrication technologies.
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53 - 99Publisher DOI
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9781782422808Publication classification
B1.1 Book chapterUsage metrics
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