An efficient hybrid algorithm for fire flame detection

Proposing efficient methods for fire protection is becoming more and more important, because a small flame of fire may cause huge problems in social safety. In this paper, an effective fire flame detection method is investigated. This fire detection method includes four main stages: in the first step, a linear transformation is applied to convert red, green, and blue (RGB) color space through a 3*3 matrix to a new color space. In the next step, fuzzy c-mean clustering method (FCM) is used to distinguish between fire flame and non-fire flame pixels. Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (PSO) is also utilized in the last step to decrease the error value measured by FCM after conversion. Finally, we apply Otsu threshold method to the new converted images to make a binary picture. Empirical results show the strength, accuracy and fast-response of the proposed algorithm in detecting fire flames in color images.