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Does use of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in men with prostate cancer increase the risk of sarcopenia?

journal contribution
posted on 2019-10-01, 00:00 authored by Patrick Owen, Robin DalyRobin Daly, Jack Dalla Via, Niamh MundellNiamh Mundell, Trish LivingstonTrish Livingston, Timo RantalainenTimo Rantalainen, Steve FraserSteve Fraser
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer (PCa) can compromise muscle health. Hence, we aimed to quantify the prevalence of sarcopenia (i.e., compromised lean mass, muscle strength, and physical function) in ADT-treated (> 12 week) men (n = 70) compared to similarly aged non-ADT-treated PCa (n = 52) and healthy controls (n = 70). Lean and fat mass were quantified by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Muscle strength and function were measured using handgrip dynamometry and gait speed, respectively. Sarcopenia was defined as low adjusted appendicular lean mass [ALM; height-adjusted (ALMI), body mass index-adjusted (ALMBMI) and height and fat mass-adjusted (ALMHFM)] with weak handgrip strength and/or slow gait speed according to the following criteria: European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People [EWGSOP; both 2010 (EWGSOP1) and 2018 (EWGSOP2)], Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) and International Working Group on Sarcopenia (IWGS). Overall the prevalence of sarcopenia was low and did not differ between the three groups. Only two (3.2%) ADT-treated men presented with sarcopenia as per EWGSOP1 and FNIH criteria, whereas no cases were observed using EWGSOP2 and IWGS criteria. The prevalence of low ALMBMI was greater in ADT-treated men (32%) compared to PCa (15%; P = 0.037) and healthy controls (7.1%; P < 0.001). Similarly, low ALMHFM was greater in ADT-treated men (29%) compared to healthy controls only (13%; P = 0.019). There was also a low prevalence of weak muscle strength and slow gait speed (0.0–11%) in all men, with no differences between the groups. Based on these findings, an adiposity-based adjustment of ALM is recommended to quantify risk of adverse outcomes associated with ADT in these men.

History

Journal

Calcified tissue international

Volume

105

Issue

4

Pagination

403 - 411

Publisher

Springer

Location

New York, N.Y.

ISSN

0171-967X

eISSN

1432-0827

Language

eng

Publication classification

C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal

Copyright notice

2019, The Author(s)