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First record of the trace fossil Protovirgularia from the Middle Permian of southeastern Gondwana (southern Sydney Basin, Australia)
This study reports the first examples of well-preserved chevronate trails referable to Protovirgularia longespicata De Stefani, 1885 from the early Middle Permian (Roadian) upper Wandrawandian Siltstone of the southern Sydney Basin, southeastern Australia. The highly meandering trace with closely spaced, papillate chevrons is interpreted to have been produced by the locomotion-feeding behaviour of certain protobranch bivalves in an offshore environment. The dense trails occurring on the upper bedding planes of pebbly siltstone may represent a gregarious lifestyle, where junior and senior individuals of the trace-maker bivalves coexisted while moving within sediments. The Wandrawandian Protovirgularia also represents the first known occurrence of this ichnotaxon from a glaciomarine environment in the Permian eastern Gondwana. The global record of Protovirgularia occurrences suggests that these trails had a wide environmental distribution since the Cambrian, and there is no obvious difference in the environmental distribution of Protovirgularia after the Permian‒Triassic transition.
History
Journal
AlcheringaVolume
41Issue
3Pagination
335 - 349Publisher
Taylor & FrancisLocation
Abingdon, Eng.Publisher DOI
ISSN
0311-5518eISSN
1752-0754Language
engPublication classification
C Journal article; C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2017, Geological Society of Australia Inc.Usage metrics
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Keywords
Science & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicinePaleontologyTrace fossilProtovirgulariaGlaciomarinePalaeoecologyMiddle PermianSydney BasinAustraliaPALEOZOIC ICE-AGEEASTERN AUSTRALIAETHOLOGICAL INTERPRETATIONPROTOBRANCH BIVALVESWESTERN INDIAZOOPHYCOSMARINEARGENTINAICHNOLOGYDEPOSITSEvolutionary BiologyGeologyEcology
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