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Intersections of epigenetics, twinning and developmental asymmetries: insights into monogenic and complex diseases and a role for 3D facial analysis
journal contribution
posted on 2011-08-01, 00:00 authored by Gareth Baynam, Peter Claes, Jeffrey CraigJeffrey Craig, Jack Goldblatt, Stefanie Kung, Peter Le Souef, Mark WaltersFor decades the relationships of twinning and alterations in body patterning, such as laterality and asymmetry, have been investigated. However, the tools to define and quantify these relationships have been limited and the majority of these studies have relied on associations with subjectively defined phenotypes. The emerging technologies of 3-dimensional (3D) facial scanning and geometric morphometrics are providing the means to establish objective criteria, including measures of asymmetry, which can be used for phenotypic classification and investigations. Additionally, advances in molecular epigenetics provide new opportunities for novel investigations of mechanisms central to early developmental processes, twinning and related phenotypes. We review the evidence for overlapping etiologies of twinning, asymmetry and selected monogenic and complex diseases, and we suggest that the combination of epigenetic investigations with detailed and objective phenotyping, utilizing 3D facial analysis tools, can reveal insights into the genesis of these phenomena.
History
Journal
Twin research & human geneticsVolume
14Issue
4Pagination
305 - 315Publisher
Cambridge University PressLocation
Oxford, Eng.Publisher DOI
ISSN
1832-4274Language
engPublication classification
C1.1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2011, Cambridge University PressUsage metrics
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No categories selectedKeywords
EpigenomicsFacial AsymmetryHumansImaging, Three-DimensionalMorphogenesisPhenotypeTwin Studies as TopicTwinsScience & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicineGenetics & HeredityObstetrics & Gynecologyasymmetryepigenetics3-dimensional facial scanningMONOZYGOTIC TWINS DISCORDANTASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGYSILVER-RUSSELL-SYNDROMEFLUCTUATING ASYMMETRYIMPRINTING DISORDERS45,X\/46,XY MOSAICISMTURNERS-SYNDROMEBRAIN ASYMMETRYFACE SHAPEFERTILIZATION
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