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Leptin in depressed women : Cross-sectional and longitudinal data from an epidemiologic study
journal contribution
posted on 2008-04-01, 00:00 authored by Julie PascoJulie Pasco, Felice JackaFelice Jacka, Lana WilliamsLana Williams, Margaret Rogers, G Nicholson, Mark KotowiczMark Kotowicz, Michael BerkMichael BerkBackground There is conflicting evidence regarding levels of leptin in depression. In this study we aimed to investigate the relationship between serum leptin level and depression in a community sample of women using both cross-sectional and longitudinal data.
Methods From among 510 women aged 20–78 yr, 83 were identified with a lifetime history of major depressive disorder or dysthymia, ascertained using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Research Version, Non-patient edition (SCID-I/NP). Serum leptin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Medication use and lifestyle were self-reported and body mass index (BMI) determined from measures of height and weight.
Results Using multiple linear regression, serum leptin levels were greater among women with a lifetime history of depression compared to women without any history of depression, independent of BMI. Adjusted geometric mean values of serum leptin were 16.37 (95%CI 14.70–18.23) ng/mL for depressed and 14.46 (95%CI 13.79–15.16) ng/mL for non-depressed women (P = 0.039). The hazard ratio (HR) for a de novo depressive disorder over five years increased 2.56-fold for each standard deviation increase in log-transformed serum leptin among non-smokers and this was not explained by differences in BMI, medications or other lifestyle factors (HR = 2.56, 95%CI 1.52-4.30). No association was observed for smokers.
Limitations There is potential for unrecognised confounding, recall bias and transient changes in body composition.
Conclusion Women with a lifetime history of depression have elevated levels of serum leptin, and elevated serum leptin predicts subsequent development of a depressive disorder.
Methods From among 510 women aged 20–78 yr, 83 were identified with a lifetime history of major depressive disorder or dysthymia, ascertained using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Research Version, Non-patient edition (SCID-I/NP). Serum leptin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Medication use and lifestyle were self-reported and body mass index (BMI) determined from measures of height and weight.
Results Using multiple linear regression, serum leptin levels were greater among women with a lifetime history of depression compared to women without any history of depression, independent of BMI. Adjusted geometric mean values of serum leptin were 16.37 (95%CI 14.70–18.23) ng/mL for depressed and 14.46 (95%CI 13.79–15.16) ng/mL for non-depressed women (P = 0.039). The hazard ratio (HR) for a de novo depressive disorder over five years increased 2.56-fold for each standard deviation increase in log-transformed serum leptin among non-smokers and this was not explained by differences in BMI, medications or other lifestyle factors (HR = 2.56, 95%CI 1.52-4.30). No association was observed for smokers.
Limitations There is potential for unrecognised confounding, recall bias and transient changes in body composition.
Conclusion Women with a lifetime history of depression have elevated levels of serum leptin, and elevated serum leptin predicts subsequent development of a depressive disorder.
History
Journal
Journal of affective disordersVolume
107Issue
1-3Pagination
221 - 225Publisher
Elsevier BVLocation
Amsterdam, The NetherlandsPublisher DOI
ISSN
0165-0327eISSN
1573-2517Language
engPublication classification
C1.1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2007, ElsevierRelated work
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