Nanotechnology in neuroscience and its perspective as gene carrier

Gene therapy has a strong potential in neuroscience by suppressing or replacing abnormalities in genetic materials. The employment of nano-gene carrier for neurological disorders is comparatively young and restricted since the aim to effectively deliver therapeutic agents into the central nervous system (CNS) commonly has confronted difficulties of several natural occurring barriers in the body and unfavorable characteristics of pharmaceutical agents. Two major anatomical and biochemical barriers are blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB), which significantly prevent permeation of most drugs and genes to brain parenchyma. In this concern, nanotechnology emerges as an innovative method for transporting therapeutics to the CNS. Diverse nano-systems have been closely investigated, some of which have demonstrated initial success for in vivo studies. The perspectives of nanotechnology for gene therapy would be a promising field to be further explored in the near future.