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Permian spiriferellid brachiopods from northern Pangaea: taxonomy, biostratigraphy, macroevolution and implications for palaeoenvironmental and palaeobiogeographical reconstructions
journal contribution
posted on 2019-01-01, 00:00 authored by Sam Lee, Guang ShiGuang Shi, J Woo, T Y S Park, J R Oh, N K Kim, H A Nakrem, J I TazawaThis study reports diverse spiriferellid brachiopods from the Permian rocks of Svalbard and adjacent areas (Arctic Canada and Subpolar Urals of Russia) located at the northern margin of Pangaea. In total, 11 brachiopod species in four genera are recognized and described in detail, including two new species (Spiriferella protodraschei and Arcullina? enokiani). According to our taxonomic investigation, morphological characteristics of the ventral sulcus and dorsal fold are relatively stable within each species, in spite of considerable intraspecific variations in shell outline and macro-ornamentation. In addition, both the arrangement of pustules, as a shell surface micro-ornamentation, and the development of delthyrial coverings are shown to be significant features for inferring phylogenetic relationships and for defining species. The best-known but still questionable taxon, Spiriferella keilhavii, is here identified as an endemic species restricted to Bjørnøya and, possibly, to central East Greenland; it is phylogenetically closest to S. loveni. Following the taxonomic revision, the stratigraphical ranges of the spiriferellids within the Kapp Starostin Formation in Spitsbergen are fully refined: three species, S. protodraschei, A. polaris and Timaniella wilczeki, are confined to the lowermost Vøringen Member (late Artinskian–early Kungurian), whereas S. loveni dominates the overlying members with a much longer stratigraphical range (late Kungurian–Lopingian?). This abrupt compositional change, along with comparable changes in other taxonomic groups, can be explained by a palaeoclimatic shift from cool to cold conditions between the Vøringen Member and the overlying Svenskeegga member. A similar biotic transition is identified between the Hambergfjellet and Miseryfjellet formations in Bjørnøya. On the other hand, S. loveni is abundant in the Late Permian strata of central East Greenland, but there it appears to be more costate in plication compared to its counterpart from Spitsbergen. It is suggested that this alteration in shell ornamentation may represent a possible response (adaptation) to warming arising from the southward migration of the species. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:85B863D2-DB42-4835-940A-2DE852C82178.
History
Journal
Journal of systematic palaeontologyVolume
17Issue
22Pagination
1871 - 1925Publisher
Taylor & FrancisLocation
Abingdon, Eng.Publisher DOI
ISSN
1477-2019eISSN
1478-0941Language
engPublication classification
C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2019, The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, LondonUsage metrics
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Keywords
SpiriferellaArcullinaEdrimatusTimaniellaKapp Starostin FormationSpitsbergenScience & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicineEvolutionary BiologyPaleontologyLATITUDINAL PREDATION GRADIENTCOOL-WATER CARBONATESCENTRAL SPITSBERGENSVERDRUP BASINSVALBARDMARINEFACIESEVOLUTIONCLIMATESECTIONEvolutionary BiologyGeologyEcology
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