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Prospective predictors of short-term adjustment after the Canterbury earthquakes: personality and depression
journal contribution
posted on 2014-07-01, 00:00 authored by R G Kuijer, Emma MarshallEmma Marshall, A N BishopThe present study examined the relationship between pretrauma variables (neuroticism, optimism, self-control, and pretrauma depression) and postearthquake adjustment (posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, sense of normality) 1 month and 3 months after 2 major earthquakes in Canterbury, New Zealand. Earthquake related hassles were examined as a potential mediator. Participants completed questionnaires preearthquakes (T1-T3), and again 1 month (T4; N = 185) and 3 months (T5; N = 156) postearthquakes. Controlling for perceived life threat and objective trauma severity, higher levels of neuroticism and pretrauma depression, and lower levels of self-control and optimism, were significantly associated with higher levels of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms after both earthquakes. Neuroticism, pretrauma depression, and self-control, but not optimism, were also associated with an increase in PTSD symptoms over time. All 3 personality variables were associated with sense of normality after the 2011 earthquake, again controlling for perceived life threat and objective trauma severity. However, when the relative contribution of the pretrauma factors was examined (i.e., all pretrauma factors were entered into the analyses simultaneously rather than individually), optimism ceased to be a significant predictor in all cases. Neuroticism emerged as a robust independent predictor of postearthquake adjustment. Pretrauma depressive symptoms and dispositional self-control were both independent predictors of PTSD symptoms after both earthquakes. Earthquake related hassles mediated the relationship between neuroticism and post-2011 PTSD symptoms, changes in PTSD symptoms over time, and sense of normality. © 2013 American Psychological Association.
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Journal
Psychological trauma: theory, research, practice, and policyVolume
6Issue
4Pagination
361 - 369Publisher
American Psychological AssociationLocation
Washington, D.C.Publisher DOI
ISSN
1942-9681eISSN
1942-969XLanguage
engPublication classification
C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2013, American Psychological AssociationUsage metrics
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