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Racial discrimination and socioemotional and sleep problems in a cross-sectional survey of Australian school students

journal contribution
posted on 2020-07-28, 00:00 authored by Naomi Priest, Shiau Chong, Mandy Truong, Oishee Alam, Kevin Dunn, Meredith O'Connor, Yin ParadiesYin Paradies, Andrew Ward, Anne Kavanagh
ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of direct and vicarious racial discrimination experiences from peer, school and societal sources, and examine associations between these experiences and socioemotional and sleep outcomes.MethodsData were analysed from a population representative cross-sectional study of n=4664 school students in years 5–9 (10–15 years of age) in Australia. Students reported direct experiences of racial discrimination from peers, school and societal sources; vicarious discrimination was measured according to the frequency of witnessing other students experiences of racial discrimination. Students self-reported on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, with the total difficulties, conduct, emotional and prosocial behaviour subscales examined. Sleep problems included duration, latency, and disruption.Results41.56% (95% CI 36.18 to 47.15) of students reported experiences of direct racial discrimination; Indigenous and ethnic minority students reported the highest levels. 70.15% (95% CI 63.83 to 75.78) of students reported vicarious racial discrimination. Direct and vicarious experiences of racial discrimination were associated with socioemotional adjustment (eg, for total difficulties, total direct racism: beta=3.77, 95% CI 3.11 to 4.44; vicarious racism: beta=2.51, 95% CI 2.00 to 3.03). Strong evidence was also found for an effect of direct and vicarious discrimination on sleep (eg, for sleep duration, total direct: beta=−21.04, 95% CI −37.67 to −4.40; vicarious: beta=−9.82, 95% CI −13.78 to −5.86).ConclusionsExperiences of direct and vicarious racial discrimination are common for students from Indigenous and ethnic minority backgrounds, and are associated with socioemotional and sleep problems in adolescence. Racism and racial discrimination are critically important to tackle as social determinants of health for children and adolescents.

History

Journal

Archives of Disease in Childhood

Pagination

1 - 6

Publisher

BMJ

Location

England

ISSN

0003-9888

eISSN

1468-2044

Language

eng

Publication classification

C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal

Copyright notice

2020, Author(s) (or their employer(s))

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