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Why did pre-modern states adopt Big-God religions?
journal contribution
posted on 2020-03-01, 00:00 authored by S Skaperdas, Samarth VaidyaSamarth VaidyaOver the past two millennia successful pre-modern states in Eurasia adopted and cultivated Big-God religions that emphasize (i) the ruler’s legitimacy as divinely ordained and (ii) a morality adapted for large-scale societies that can have positive economic effects. We make sense of that development by building on previous research that has conceptualized pre-modern states as maximizing the ruler’s profit. We model the interaction of rulers and subjects who have both material and psychological payoffs, the latter emanating from religious identity. Overall, religion reduces the cost of controlling subjects through the threat of violence, increases production, increases tax revenue, and reduces banditry. A Big-God ruler, who also is a believer, has stronger incentives to invest in expanding the number of believers and the intensity of belief, as well as investing in state capacity. Furthermore, such investments often are complementary, mutually reinforcing one another, thus leading to an evolutionary advantage for rulers that adopted Big-God religions.
History
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Public choiceVolume
182Issue
3-4Pagination
373 - 394Publisher
SpringerLocation
New York, N.Y.Publisher DOI
ISSN
0048-5829eISSN
1573-7101Language
engPublication classification
C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer NatureUsage metrics
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